Power device.



M. 0. WHITE,& 0. c. DURYEA.

' POWER DEVICE.

- APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1912. 1,054,728. v Patented Mar. 4, 1913 4 gums-mam 1.

M.- 0. WHITE & 0. o. DURYEA.

POWER DEVICE APPLIGATION'TILED APR.22 1912.

Patented Mar. 4, 1913.

. 3 4 SHBETS-SHEET 3.

M. U. WHITE & 0. O. DURYBA POWER DEVICE APPLICATION FILED APB.22, 1912.

5432' Patented Mar. 4:, 1.913.

7 4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

1 @0672 $7152 A 02723 %o Qlihzyea;

wgwwm M. 0. WHITE & 0. 0. DURYEA.

A POWER DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED APBUZZ 1912.

. I V 4SHBETS-SHEBT 4.

la //////////////l///////// J72 me7z753 Patented Mar. 4, 1913.

"" machines, its purpose being primarily to MORRIS C. WHITE AND OTHO C. DURYEA, 0F CHICAGO, IL LINOIS.

rowan DEVICE.

'Toiall whom it may concern Be, it known that we, MORRIS C. WHITE rand OTHo C. DURYEA, citizens of the United States,,residing at Chicago, in the county of p 5 Cook andIState of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Power Devices, of which the following is'a specification. Our invention relates to improvement in power devices of the type first shown and described in an application for Letters Patent filed by us December 4, 1911, and,

bearing Serial No. 663,870, and. which consist,"broadly stated, in a' cylinderv adapted for connection with a compressed-air. supplying conduit, or pipe-line, and containing a piston to be driven primarily by the compressed air.

The device is equipped with means for directing into the cylinder, simultaneously with the compressed air, an ignited combustible mixture, "or the hot products of combustion of such. a niixture, which generates power by its own expansion to supplement the driving'power of the compressed air against the piston and also heats and thus augments the expansive force of the compressed air. 1 a

The inventionis well adapted for pneu niatic power-riveters and other air-driven economize in the use of compressed air.

' Our object is to provide certain improvements in the eonstructionof our aforesaid power-device with a View, more especially, o;f .better-adapting it for its purpose under ,all conditions in use.

' Referring to the accompanying drawings, h show our improvements in connection withfapower-riveter, Figure l-is a side ele vat ion of the devices; Fig. 2, an elevation of the-rear'cylind'er-head; Fig. 3,an enlarged, central, longitudinal, section of the cylinder with the rear cylinder-head removed; Fig.

4, an enlarged section taken on line 4 in Fig. 1, corresponding with line 4 in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a plan section taken on line 5 in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, an enlarged section taken on line 6 in Fig. Loci-responding with irregular line I 6-.6 in Fig. 7 Fig. 7, a section taken on line 7 in Fig. 6'; Fig. -8, an enlarged broken sec- .tion taken: on line 8 in Fig. 7 Fig.9, an en'- larged plan section of a gasolene-supplying tank, taken on line 9 in Fig. 1, corresponding with line 9 in Fig. 10; and Fig. 10, a

fipec'ification of Letters Patent.

in Fig. 9.

Mounted on the yoke-frame 12 of the riveter, is'alcylinder 13 containing a piston having ahead 14: and a trunk'15, the latter working through a stufiing-box 16 inthe front cylinder head, The piston is connected through links and toggles with the tool-holder 17 in a common manner. ing the rear end of the cylinder is a cylinderhead 18, and onthe cylinder in the position shown is a flat seat 19 for a slide-valve 20. Covering the seat 19 and housing the slidevalve is a valve-chestmr box 21'. The cylinder-wall throughout the greater part of its extent is cored to form an air-jacketing chamber 22 having an inlet-port 23 which, in practice, is connected with a compressedair-supplying pipe-line 24. The chamber 22 communicates through a port 25 with the interior of the valve-chest 21 at one side of the path of the slide-valve 20. In the valveseat 19 is a central exhaust-port 26, com- Patented Mar. 4,1913. Application filed A ril 22, 1912. Serial No. 692,439.

' vertical sect-ion of the same taken on line 10 Closmunicating with an exhaust-passage 27, eX-

tending to the exterior of the cylinder-wall; at oneside of the port 26 is a port 28 communicating with the interior of the cylinder adjacent to the st-utling-box 16; and'on the opposite side of the port-26 is a port 29 eX- tending to the cylinder head 18. J ournaled in the valve-chest 21 is'a rock-shaft 30, having an operatinghandle 31 and provided sure-reducing valve 34? seating in the direc-- tion-of the passage 29. Cored in the cylinder-head18 is a by-passage ,35 in open communication at its upper end with the passage 29 and terminating at its lower end in a cylindrical chamber, or passage, 36. Also cored in the cylinder head 18 is a passage 37 forming a combustion-chamber communicating through a flaring outlet 38 with the interior of the cylinder.

Screwed into the open end of the passage 36 is a union or hearing sleeve 39 on which is swiveled a tank 40 adapted to hold gasolene or other suitable volatile hydro-carbon. The tank .is screwed or otherwise. detachably with a wing-or finger32 engaging the slide- N which and the interior of the tank 40 is a series of horizontally-disposed screens 47.

Extending through the partition or diaphragm 45 are openings 48 fitted with upwardly-extending tubes 49 within and concentric with the tubular extensions 43 and opening into the same at their upper ends. The tubes 49 are filled with a porous material in the form of rolls-of wire gauze, 49. At their lower ends the tubes 49 are in 2 open communication with the chamber 46,.

and in said chamber beneatlrt-he tubes 49 are bafiles 50. Extending from near the lower end of the tank 40, to a passage 51 in the head 41, is a gasolcne-feed tube 52 closed at its lower end by a light, downwardly-seating ball, or check, valve 53. The reference numeral 54 designates a carbureter-tube extending from the port or passage 51 through the sleeve 39 and passage 36 to the chamber 37. In the end of the tube 54 is a spray outlet 55 governed by a needlevalve 56 extending through a stuffing-box 57 in the side of the head. In the tube 54 near the spray outlet 55 are ports 58 com- 35 municating with the passage 36. In the cylinder-head 18 andcommunicating with the passage 37 is an opening 59 closed by a cap 60 carrying an electric igniter 61. The igniter is formed of a spool of highly refractory heat-conducting material surrounded by an electric resistance wire in circuitwith binding-posts 62 to which are attached the conducting wires 63 of an electric current suppiy, not shown. Extending from the chamber 37 to the passage 36 (see Fig. 8) is a port or passage 64 normally closed by a'check-valve ce-which seats in the direction of the chamber 37.

In practice, compressed air from the pipeline 24, entering the port 23, fills the airjacket 22 and 'flows into and fills the valvechest through the port 25. Before the device is started, electric current is turnedinto fuel in the tank 40. This pressure causes the fuel to rise in the tube 52 and till the carburetor-tube 54. The compressed-air also enters the ports 58 and sprays the fuel through the spray-opening 55, the air and fuel forming a suitable combustible mixture, which is ignited by the igniter 61, to burn and expand in the chamber 37 and discharge through the flaring outlet 38 into the cylinder behind the piston. The check-valve 34 is seated by a spring under a pressure,

in practice, of about two pounds, so that. immediately after the back-pressure in the by-passage 35 starts to build up, the valve 34 is opened to admit compressed air into the passage 33 and cylinder to exert its force against the piston.

I The piston is driven forward by the expansion of the combustible mixture, entering the cylinder through the port 38, and by the direct and expansive force of the compressed-air entering through the port 33' It is not intended in practice that the force exerted by the burning mixture shall equal the pressure of the air-supply in the passage 29, and as a means for accelerating.

the escape of the hot products of combustion to the cylinder, from the,passa'ge or combustion chamber. 37 5 we provide the ejector tube or passage 65 extending from the upper 5 endof the passage 35 into the chamber 37 and pointing in the direction of the outlet 38. The tube or passage 65 is a very desirable feature of our present construction,

as it causes the hot products of combustion of the mixture to be ejected with increased rapidity from the combustion chamber into the cylinder. This enables us to provide a smaller combustion chamber than would otherwise be necessary. It will be under- 5 stood that the force exerted against the piston to drive it forward is that of the compressed-air entering through the pressure-reducing valve 34, the pressure generated by the burning of the combustiblemixture, and the expansion of the air, which has entered through the valve 34%au'gmented by the heat of the burning mixture, or hot products of combustion thereof, the expansion of which into the cylinder is aided by the current of air from the tube 65. Thusginpractice', the expansive: force of the air directed into the cylinder is raised several fold, with the result that there is great saving in the amount of air necessary to advance the piston with the desired force. In'fact, experience with the presentdevice has demonstrated that in the performance of the same work a saving of more than sixty per cent. of the compressed air is ef- 12 fected, as compared with a machine of the same proportions unprovided with our improvements and operated by air alone. The forward movement of the piston thus broughtabout plunges the tool-holder 17 I30 and work-performing member 66 in the direction of the anvil 67 to produce a complete riveting operation.

the handle 3lis'swungto shift the valve whereby the port 29' is opened to the exhaust 'port'26 and the port, 28 is uncovered.

' The compressed air ente'ring the port 28 to the cylinder returns the plston, while the exhaust of the cylindeni's through the port 38, combustion chamber 37, valve'64 and passages 36,35and 29 to the port 26 and exhaust-passage 27.v

The main-passage for compressedair, from the pipe-line 24 tothe cylinder behind the piston, is through the air-jacketing' chamber 22, port 29, reducing valve 34* and semi-circular port 33; while the channel by way of the conduit 35 to the cylinder-port '8 forms a by -passage in which are interposed the carbureter, igniter and combustion-chamber 37. The needle-valve 56 may be easily adjusted to regulate the proportions offulel and air,as well as the volume of the mixture, entering the combustion chamber in each operation and, owing to the length of the combustion-chamber, approximately complete combustion of the mixture will take place before it enters the cylinder.

One purpose of the present construction is to keep the mixture and the air of the mainpassage separate until approximately complete combustion of the mixture has taken place and both enter and intermix in the cylinder, for the purpose before stated.

In practice, when electric current is turned into the ig t it takes'an aPPrG- :5 ciable time forthe latter to be raised to the necessary mixture-igniting. temperature, and, if the device isvstarted into operation in the meantime, the unignited fuel is apt to condense or accumulate in the combustion-chamber. If this, fuel were allowed to accumulate, it would tend .to, produce a mixture so rich that if later ignited, it

might effect an explosion of undue force in the cylinder; In the present construct-ion all danger from this cause is avoided by the act of exhausting through the by-passage,

as above described,'*whereby the combustion-chamber is thoroughly scavenged in each return stroke of the piston and any accumulation of explosive mixture thereby 'obv1ated.

As before stated, when the force of the compressed air entering the device is supplemented and augmented by the burning mixture, much less compressed air is necessary for the operation of the device than when compressed air alone is employed. It

sometimes hap ens,in practice, due to the burning out o a fuse, or from some other cause, that the current to the igniter is cut off, making it desirable, for the time being, to Work the device with compressed air In order that-the device ntay operate with J To return the parts to initial position,

desired speedunder air-pressure alone,

when the burningemixture is not employed, we provide the mouth of the port 29, in the valve-seat 19, large enough to admit air in comparatively large volume, and" at the end of the valve-chest we provide a disk-shaped stop 68 eccent-rically mounted upon a shaft 69 provided on the outer side of the valve chest with a handle 70.v When the stop is raised, as indicated in Fig. 3, the slide valve 20 maybe moved to the end of the chest to completely uncover theport 29 and admit compressed air in desired large volume for operation alone, while, when the force of the compressed air is to be supplemented and augmented by the burning mixture, the

'operator may turn the stop into the path of the valve 20, whereby the latter can be moved a distance which will only partly uncover the port 29, thereby greatly limiting the volume of compressed air admitted for the operation.

By causing the compressed air to fill the air-jacket 22 before passing into the valvechest, it serves not only to prevent overheating of the cylinder but its absorption of the heat materially increases its efficiency, as will be readily understood. The fuel-tank and attendant parts being swiveled to the cylinder, they will remain uprightwhile theyoke-frame is being swung to difi'erent, angles in the verticalplane, as is often necessary in the use of a suspended riveter.-

The foregoing description is intended to ,convey a clear understanding of our improvements in Q what we' now believe to be the best form of their embodiment, and no undue limitation should be understood therefrom. It-i s our intention to claim all that is novel in our invention and that the claims shall be construed as broadly as the prior, state of the art may warrant.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In combination with the cylinder and piston of a power-device, a compressed-airsupplying conduit, a main-passage extending from said conduit to the cylinder, a bypassage extending from said main passage' to the cylinder, cylinder feed and exhaust .va-lveqnechanism interposed in said mainpassage between saidconduit and said by passage, a carbureter interposed in said bypassage, and an igniterin the by-passage between said carbureter and t-he cylinder.

2. In combination withg the, cylinder and piston of a power device', a compressed-airsupplying conduit, a main passage extending from said conduit to' th'e cylinder, a bypassage extending from said main-passage valve-mechanism interposed in said main-- passage in advance of the byassage, a pressure-reducing valve interpose in said mainpassage beyond said by-passage, a carbureter interposed in said by-passage and an igniter in the by-passage between said carbureter and the cylinder.

3. In combination withthe cylinder and piston of a power-device, a compressed-airsupplying conduit, a main passage extending from said conduit to the cylinder, cylinder feed and exhaust valve-mechanism interposed in-said main-passage between said conduit and said by-passage, a carbureter, a combustion-chamber, and an igniter inter- .posed in the by-passa'ge, and means for directing the cylinder-exhaust through said by-passage.

" 4:. In combination with the cylinder and piston of a power-device, a compressed-airsupplying conduit, a main-passage extending from said conduit to the cylinder, a bypassage extending from said main-passage to the cylinder, cylinder feed and exhaust valve-mechanism interposed in said main.- passage in advance of the by-passage, a pressure-reducing valve interposed, in said mainchamber forthe cylinder, a compressed-airsupplying conduit, a main-passage extending from said conduit through said airjacketing chamber to the interior of the cylinder behind the piston, a by-passage extending from said main-passage tothe cylinder behind the piston, cylinder feed and exhaust valve-mechanism interposed in said mam-passage between said conduit and said by-passage, 'a carburetor interposed in, said by-passage, and an igniter'in the by-passage between the said carbureter and the cylinder. v

MORRIS 0. WHITE. OTHO C. DURYEA.

"In presence of I R. A. RAYMOND, O. C. AvIsUs. 

